Calculus

Volumes of Revolution

Cartesian

In regular integration of a function you obtain the area under by considering smaller rectangles with height and width so the approximate area is as this is written as

For a Volume of Revolution you do the same however the areas are small cylindrical volumes. These volume is in this case is the radius and we consider (the width in the case) going to zero so the approximate area as . The exact volume is written as

You can do the same thing for a volume of revolution around the y axis by rearranging to get then the volume will be

Keep in mind that and are values of and that the radius of the volume is from the axis going across parallel to the axis until the curve.

Parametric

For a parametric equation defined you can find the volumes of revolution with the following formulae:

About the x axis

About the y axis


Arc Length

Cartesian

The arc length of from and is:

Parametric

For , , the arc length from to is:

Polar

For , the arc length from half lines to is:


Surface Area of Volume of Revolution

The area, , of the surface generated when the arc on the curve is rotated completely about the -axis is , and about the -axis is .

Cartesian

About the -axis:

About the -axis:

Parametric

About the -axis:

About the -axis:

Polar

About the initial line

About the line