B1__Cells

Diffusion

Diffusion is the movement/spreading out of particles from areas of high to low concentration.

  • Goes with concentration gradient
  • No energy is required
  • Factors
    • Temperature
    • Surface area Example to learn:
  • Fish have gills which are covered in large numbers of fine filaments where gas pass in and out of blood
  • Filaments are adapted as they
    • Have massive surface area
    • This membrane for short diffusion path
    • Efficient blood supply to ensure Concentration Gradient is high

Osmosis

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane

  • Goes against concentration gradient
  • Cytoplasm is a relatively concentrated solution so it has low concentration of water so water moves into cell by osmosis

Active Transport

Active transport moves substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution

  • Against concentration gradient
  • Requires energy (from respiration)